Unveiling partonic structures of the nucleon is one of the missions of Jefferson Lab (JLab). Extracting the transverse momentum dependent parton distributions (TMDs), which provide three-dimensional imagings of the nucleon in the momentum space, is a main physics program at JLab. Many explorations have been made in 6 GeV experiments. A comprehensive TMD program with semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering experiments in multiple halls will take place in the 12 GeV era, aiming at a profound understanding of the reaction mechanism and precise extractions of TMDs particularly in the valence quark region. Taking SoLID as an example, we show the impact of these experiments on TMD physics. Besides, some measurements can also advance the search for new physics beyond the standard model.