The exploration of the scalar potential and of its role in the spontaneous breaking of electroweak
symmetry is one of the main goals of the physics program of the Large Hadron Collider. The
study of Higgs boson pair production is particularly important in this context, as it gives a direct
experimental access to the shape of the scalar potential itself. Because of the small cross section,
this process is particularly challenging and its experimental study will greatly benefit of the large
datasets collected at the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). This document describes the main
challenges for the CMS experiment, the upgrade program to address them, and the prospects for
Higgs boson pair production studies at the HL-LHC.