PoS - Proceedings of Science
Volume 395 - 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2021) - NU - Neutrinos & Muons
High-Energy Neutrino Production in Clusters of Galaxies
S. Hussain*, R.A. Batista, E.d.G.D. Pino and K. Dolag
Full text: pdf
Pre-published on: July 06, 2021
Published on: March 18, 2022
Abstract
In this work, we compute the contribution from clusters of galaxies to the diffuse neutrino background. Clusters of galaxies can potentially produce cosmic rays (CRs) up to very-high energies via large-scale shocks and turbulent acceleration. Due to their unique magnetic-field configuration, CRs with energy $\leq 10^{17}$ eV can be trapped within these structures over cosmological time scales, and generate secondary particles, including neutrinos and gamma rays, through interactions with the background gas and photons. We employ three-dimensional cosmological magnetohydrodynamical simulations of structure formation to model the turbulent
intergalactic medium. We use the distribution of clusters within this cosmological volume to extract the properties of this population. We propagate CRs in this environment using multi-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations across different
redshifts (from $z \sim 5 \; \text{to} \; z =0$), considering all relevant photohadronic, photonuclear, and hadronuclear interactions. We also include the cosmological evolution of the CR sources. We find that for CRs injected with a spectral index $1.5 - 2.7$ and cutoff energy $E_{max} = 10^{16} - 10^{17}$ eV, clusters contribute to a substantial fraction to the diffuse flux observed by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, and most of the contribution comes from clusters with $M > 10^{14} \; M_{\odot}$ and
redshift $z < 0.3$.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.395.1212
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