PoS - Proceedings of Science
Volume 414 - 41st International Conference on High Energy physics (ICHEP2022) - Detectors for Future Facilities, R&D, novel techniques
Very High Energy Physics and Astronomy with Tau and Photon Probes
M. Sasaki
Full text: pdf
Pre-published on: November 21, 2022
Published on: June 15, 2023
Abstract
Very-high energy physics (VHEP) is the development of a higher energy frontier complementary to accelerator-based HEP to investigate interactions in space caused by fundamental particles and to study the structure and fundamental interactions of elementary
particles. Probing for VHE elementary particles will also enable the discovery of VHE celestial objects and the elucidation of their phenomena. Comparison of VHE neutrino and photon flux spectra from the same object will also allow for fundamental particle physics and cosmological investigations. Neutrinos and photons are well-known elementary particles from the Standard Model and travel straight in magnetic fields, making them powerful probes for very-high energy physics and astronomy (VHEPA). VHE tau neutrinos skim the earth, are converted to tau, and after decaying in air become an upward air shower at a shallow elevation angle, emitting Cherenkov and fluorescence light. Neutrino oscillations cause neutrino fluxes to homogenize between generations during propagation. Tau neutrino observation should be also tau appearance experiment. Neutrino Telescope Array (NTA) unit is a unique wide-angle, high-precision optical system with an optical bifurcation trigger imaging system, based on Ashra-1, the first Earth-skimming tau search from a celestial object. NTA, consisting of four stations located near the summit of Mauna Loa on the Hawaii Island, simultaneously takes multi-eye images of air shower Cherenkov light and fluorescence above 10 TeV with a high precision pixels of 1~arcmin within a 360$^{\circ}\times$ 32$^{\circ}$ basic field of view plus a Galactic bulge monitoring field of view. This detection scheme is particularly powerful for the simultaneous monitoring observation of Cherenkov and fluorescence light from VHE tau and photons. NTA's combined VHE tau ($E_{\tau}\ge$1 PeV) and photon ($E_{\gamma}\ge$10 TeV) probes are expected to open up more comprehensive studies of VHEPA, e.g. search for super-heavy dark matter and clear identification of PeV particle emitters.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.414.0344
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