The study of solar activity and its possible link to climate variability is of great importance to the scientific community. Several studies have been performed to examine the effect of solar activity on meteorological variables including precipitation. Studying periodic changes in meteorological and atmospheric variables is a common method for studying the relationship between these variables and solar activity.
In this study, power spectral analysis was used to examine the periodicity of precipitation data in Saudi Arabia between 1985 and 2019. In addition, sunspot, radio flux at 10.7 cm, ENSO 3.4 index, and cosmic ray data for the same period as the precipitation data were used to search for common cyclic variations and periodicities consistent with those found in the precipitation data. Several common periodicities are observed in the spectra of the precipitation data and variables considered. Several common periodicities were detected, such as the 1-year, 1.5-1.66 years, 2.08 years, 2.58 years, and 3.08 years periodicities. This evidence suggests that solar activity somehow has a potential impact on rainfall and climate change in Saudi Arabia.