PoS - Proceedings of Science
Volume 444 - 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2023) - Cosmic-Ray Physics (Indirect, CRI)
Variations of secondary particle arrival time detected by LHAASO-KM2A during thunderstorms
X. Chen*, X. Zhou, C. Yang and D. Huang
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Pre-published on: July 25, 2023
Published on:
Abstract
A sub-array of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), KM2A contains 5216 electromagnetic particle detectors (EDs) and 1188 muon detectors (MDs). For each shower event that meets the trigger conditions (at least 20 fired EDs within a time window of 400 ns) in KM2A array, there are many signals from ED and MD detectors. The information on the arrival time and location of each signal are recorded, and the ED hits are used for shower reconstruction. Due to the acceleration and deflection by the atmospheric electric field (AEF) during thunderstorm, the arrival time and position of the ground-level particles are modified, resulting in the changes in shower detection. To understand the shower event variation during thunderstorm, the particle arrival time is studied by analyzing the KM2A data. We can see that the distribution changes of arrival time in the thunderstorm electric field. The variation amplitude is not only dependent on the AEF, but also highly correlated with the direction of the shower event. With the increase of the AEF strength and the zenith angle, the variation amplitude of the arrival time becomes larger. Our results are useful in understanding the variation of shower rate detected by LHAASO-KM2A, and will also provide important information for shower reconstruction during thunderstorms.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.444.0182
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