PoS - Proceedings of Science
Volume 444 - 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2023) - Cosmic-Ray Physics (Indirect, CRI)
Lightning flash started near the electron acceleration region in the thundercloud
M. Tsurumi
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Pre-published on: August 18, 2023
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Abstract
The interaction between cosmic rays and thunderclouds has attracted much attention in recent years. Cosmic rays have been considered as one possible cause of the trigger of lightning flashes: e.g., a possible correlation between the number of observed lightning and cosmic ray flux (e.g.,Themis G. Chronis, journal of Climate,2009). In thunderclouds, electric fields are thought to cause relativistic acceleration of electrons as an interaction with cosmic ray air shower and emit bremsstrahlung photons, known as gamma-ray glows. One unresolved possibility is that such electron acceleration, and thus gamma-ray glows, may be related to initiating lightning flashes. To verify this hypothesis, we conducted winter thundercloud observation using mapping radiation measurement in Japan. At 04:06–04:08 JST on December 30, 2021, five radiation detectors recorded a gamma-ray glow, terminated with the lightning flash recorded by two lightning mapping systems (FALMA and DALMA). Our multi-location observation revealed that the gamma-ray glow region had a horizontal size of about 2 km×2.5 km. The XRAIN radar observation showed that the high reflectivity area, presumably corresponding to the electron acceleration region, reaches more than 2 km above the gamma-ray detected radiation detectors. The initiation of this lightning discharge started from 1.6 km altitude above the gamma-ray glow region. This result indicates that the lightning flash began in the vicinity of the electric field region and a possible connection between the cosmic ray interaction with the electric fields in thundercloud and the triggering of the lightning flash.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.444.0254
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