We present the measurement of the individual energy spectra for boron, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen cosmic rays based on data collected by the CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) during 10 years of operation on the International Space Station (ISS). These spectra are measured in the energy range from 10 GeV/n to several TeV/n using a fully calorimetric instrument, 1.3 nuclear interaction lengths thick, equipped with charge detectors providing single element resolution. The B, C and O spectra have been updated from our previously published results with more statistics and refined systematic uncertainty estimates, while the N energy spectrum is a new preliminary measurement. We also present the energy dependence of the B/C, B/O and N/O flux ratios, interpreting these results with fitting models including a spectral break in the power law of the diffusion coefficient and a constant residual propagation path length. Finally, we show the combined CNO flux up to hundreds of TeV in particle energy.