Volume 501 - 39th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2025) - Cosmic-Ray Indirect
Latest findings on large-scale cosmic ray anisotropy from the GRAPES-3 experiment
M. Chakraborty*, P.K. Mohanty, S.R. Dugad, S.K. Gupta, B. Hariharan, Y. Hayashi, P. Jagadeesan, A. Jain, S. Kawakami, P.K. Nayak, A. Oshima, D. Pattanaik, M. Rameez, K. Ramesh, M. Talwar and F. Varsi
*: corresponding author
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Pre-published on: September 23, 2025
Published on:
Abstract
Cosmic ray anisotropy at various scales has been observed over the past decade by multiple
experiments in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The GRAPES-3 experiment, located
at 11.4 degrees North, is well positioned to study a significant portion of both hemispheres, covering
nearly 70 percent of the sky at TeV energies. Observing large-scale anisotropy is particularly
challenging since the effect is extremely small, measuring less than 0.1%, while detector and
atmospheric influences can reach up to 5% and must be carefully mitigated. Using one year
of data collected by GRAPES-3 between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2013, we apply
the iterative maximum likelihood method to extract the large-scale anisotropy. The detection
significance reaches 6 standard deviations. The results, along with a comparison to findings from
other experiments, are described in this proceeding.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.501.0216
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