Volume 501 - 39th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2025) - Cosmic-Ray Indirect
Study on large zenith angle air showers with LHAASO-KM2A
Q. Gou*, Z. Yang, X. Tian, Q. Zhang, L. Chen, Q. Zhang, X. Liu, Z. Li, D. Giuseppe, S. Lin, M. Kang, S. Cui, H. Zhou, Q. Tang  on behalf of the LHAASO Collaboration
*: corresponding author
Full text: pdf
Pre-published on: September 23, 2025
Published on: December 30, 2025
Abstract
At large zenith angles (LZAs）, the electromagnetic component (EMC) of conventional air showers undergoes substantial attenuation in the atmosphere, being significantly reduced long before reaching the ground. This attenuation creates a unique observational scenario where horizontal air showers (HAS) emerge as a “well-shielded laboratory.” In this special environment, penetrating particles like high-energy muons and cosmic neutrinos can be detected more effectively, as they leave characteristic traces that are distinguishable from the attenuated EMC-dominated showers. This presentation will showcase characteristic events recorded by LHAASO-KM2A at LZAs, including detailed phenomenology of HAS as observed by the detector. Additionally, we will present neutrino flux constraints associated with GRB 221009A, along with analyses of the other gamma-ray-bursts in 2022 that fell within the observational window of LHAASO-KM2A.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.501.0277
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