Volume 501 - 39th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2025) - Cosmic-Ray Indirect
Measurement of the Iron Spectrum with the MAGIC Telescopes
M. Molero Gonzalez*, S. Mangano, C. Delgado  on behalf of the MAGIC collaboration
*: corresponding author
Full text: pdf
Pre-published on: September 24, 2025
Published on: December 30, 2025
Abstract
Iron cosmic rays represent the most abundant heavy nuclei at energies above 1 TeV, with their
production thought to be primarily originated by astrophysical sources. Therefore, measuring the
iron spectrum provides crucial insights into the origin, acceleration, and propagation mechanisms
of cosmic rays. While recent results from space-based detectors have revealed unexpected energy
dependences in the GeV-TeV range, these measurements are limited by low statistics at higher
energies. At energies above a few TeV, ground-based detectors, such as the Major Atmospheric
Gamma Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescopes, become more effective due to their large collection
areas, enabling them to extend and complement the capabilities of space-borne instruments.
In this work, we apply the so-called direct Cherenkov technique, which accounts for the radiation
emitted by charged particles before the cascade develops in the atmosphere, with MAGIC to
identify iron-induced air showers and distinguish them from those produced by lighter cosmic-ray
species.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.501.0336
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