The ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider, although primarily designed
as general-purpose detectors, have developed a rich program in hadron spectroscopy. This contribution
presents recent results and perspectives in spectroscopy, focusing on exotic hadronic
states and heavy-flavor physics. The studies presented in this contributions highlight the interplay
between experimental advances and theoretical developments in non-perturbative QCD and open
new directions for future investigations with Run 3 data.

