A Clifford algebraic derivation of the Standard Model
Abstract
The gauge symmetries and fermionic sector of the Standard Model are derived from the free Dirac Lagrangian in 8-dimensional spacetime. Motivated by second quantization, we embed the 4-dimensional Clifford algebra of the Dirac Lagrangian into that of 8-dimensional spacetime, showing this embedding carries a redundancy described by a complexified Pati-Salam group acting on field multiplets represented as Clifford algebra ideals, externally and internally via left and right multiplication. Invariance of the Dirac Lagrangian selects $SU(4)_C \times SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R$ internally and $SU(4)_F \times Spin(1,3)$ externally. Fixing a triality in $C\ell_{8,0}$ simultaneously gives $SU(4)_C \to SU(3)_C \times U(1)_{B-L}$ and $SU(4)_F \to SU(3)_F \times U(1)_{F}$, originating a leptonic sector and a non-mixing fourth family. Breaking $U(1)_{F}$ yields a hierarchy governed by a generalized Koide formula, with mass scales showing a modular nature.
How to cite
Metadata are provided both in
article format (very
similar to INSPIRE)
as this helps creating very compact bibliographies which
can be beneficial to authors and readers, and in
proceeding format which
is more detailed and complete.