Today, big data plays an important role. Electronic map has great research value as the core part of the application of big data. Electronic map retrieval is a hot spot in the research field of
electronic map. This paper makes some improvement to the defect in traditional ZZL algorithm of electronic map retrieval algorithm that the same tail character string is initialized every time when we retrieve something so that the algorithm performance is reduced. We introduce clustering analysis in the traditional ZZL algorithm and propose an improved ZZL algorithm. The experimental results show that the improved ZZL algorithm has improved the retrieval efficiency by 37.1% on average compared with the traditional ZZL algorithm in the retrieval of geographic name in electronic map retrieval. The improved ZZL algorithm has an exploring significance to the development of the retrieval of electronic map.