Rare $\vert \Delta c \vert=\vert \Delta u \vert=1$ processes uniquely probe flavor in the Standard Model and beyond from the up-type quark sector.
Opportunities to search for BSM physics in charm arise from the severe GIM suppression which kills SM contributions to leptonic axial-vector contributions and suppresses CP violation.
Semileptonic decays of charmed hadrons offer a variety of clean null test observables, featuring new physics effects which are even enhanced by resonance contributions. In particular angular observables in three- and self-analyzing four-body baryon decays, such as $\Lambda_c\to p \ell^+\ell^-$ and $\Xi_c^+\to\Sigma^+(\to p\pi^0)\ell^+\ell^-$, $\Xi_c^0\to\Lambda^0\,(\to p \pi^-)\ell^+\ell^-$ and $\Omega_c^0\to\Xi^0\,(\to \Lambda^{0} \pi^0)\ell^+\ell^-$ disentangle possible new physics effects in electromagnetic dipole couplings $C_7^{(\prime)}$ and (axial-)vector 4-fermion ones $C^{(\prime)}_{9\,(10)}$. There is sensitivity to BSM couplings as small as $\sim 0.01$