PoS - Proceedings of Science
Volume 431 - 8th Symposium on Prospects in the Physics of Discrete Symmetries (DISCRETE2022) - Astroparticle Physics and cosmology
The cyclic symmetries in the representations of unitary discrete subgroups
D. Jurciukonis* and L. Lavoura
Full text: pdf
Pre-published on: January 31, 2024
Published on: February 01, 2024
Abstract
Dark matter may be stable because of a conserved $Z_N$ (cyclic) symmetry.
Usually $N$ is assumed to be $2$, but it may also be larger than $2$.

This $Z_N$ is usually assumed to be in a direct product with some other symmetry group.
The full symmetry group of the theory is then $G = Z_N \times G'$. We suggest another possibility.

Many discrete subgroups of $U(D)$, for any $D \ge 2$, have a non-trivial center $Z_N$,
even if they are not the direct product of that $Z_N$ with some other group.
When that happens, the irreducible representations (`irreps') of the group may either represent
all the elements of that $Z_N$ by the unit matrix, or else they may represent that $Z_N$ faithfully.
If ordinary matter is placed in a representation where $Z_N$ is represented by $1$, and dark matter
is placed in irreps that represent $Z_N$ faithfully, then dark matter is stabilized by that $Z_N$.

We have scanned all the discrete groups in the SmallGroups library with order $ \le 2000$
that are not the direct product of a cyclic group with some other group.
We have determined their centers and whether they are subgroups of one or more groups
$SU(D)$ or $U(D)$. We have found that very many groups, especially subgroups of $U(D)$ but not of $SU(D)$,
have non-trivial centers $Z_N$, mostly with $N$ of the form $2^p \times 3^q$ but also with other values of $N$.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.431.0026
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