Semileptonic $b$-hadron decays proceed via charged-current interactions and provide powerful probes for testing the Standard Model of particle physics and for searching for New Physics effects. The large branching ratios, coupled with excellent particle identification capability and accurate reconstruction of decay vertices, enable the LHCb experiment to perform high-precision measurements of many key quantities, such as CKM matrix elements, $c$- and $b$-hadron properties, and Lepton Universality. In this contribution, recent results, essential for testing Lepton Universality and understanding hadronic effects, are presented.