Fanaroff-Riley (FR) 0 radio galaxies form a low-luminosity extension to the well-established ultrahigh-
energy cosmic-ray (UHECR) candidate accelerators FR-1 and FR-2 galaxies. Their much
higher number density — up to a factor five times more numerous than FR-1 with $z\leq 0.05$ —
makes them good candidate sources for an isotropic contribution to the observed UHECR flux.
Here, the acceleration and survival of UHECR in prevailing conditions of the FR-0 environment
are discussed.
First, an average spectral energy distribution (SED) is compiled based on the FR0CAT. These
photon fields, composed of a jet and a host galaxy component, form a minimal target photon field
for the UHECR, which will suffer from electromagnetic pair production, photo-disintegration,
photo-meson production losses, and synchrotron radiation. The two most promising acceleration
scenarios based on Fermi-I order and gradual shear acceleration are discussed as well as different
escape scenarios.
When an efficient acceleration mechanism precedes gradual shear acceleration, e.g., Fermi-I or
others, FR-0 galaxies are likely UHECR accelerators. Gradual shear acceleration requires a jet
Lorentz factor of $\Gamma>1.6$, to be faster than the corresponding escape. In less optimistic
models, a contribution to the cosmic-ray flux between the knee and ankle is expected to be
relatively independent of the realized turbulence and acceleration.