The dominant part of the antiprotons in our galaxy originates from inelastic scattering of incoming cosmic rays off interstellar-medium (ISM) nuclei at rest and represents the background when searching for small contributions from exotic sources. The newborn AMBER experiment will be able to study the antiproton production cross sections in proton-proton and proton-4He scattering for projectile energies from several tens to a few hundreds of GeV. In combination with similar measurements by LHCb in the TeV range, this measurement will provide a fundamental data set that is expected to allow for a significantly higher accuracy of the predicted natural flux of antiprotons in the galactic cosmic rays.