JUNO is an experiment conceived primarily to study neutrino oscillations of electron antineutrinos emitted by nuclear power plants, in order to infer the neutrino mass hierarchy
from the oscillated neutrino spectrum at a baseline of about 50 km, exploiting an unprecedented energy resolution of 3% at 1 MeV.
It is composed of 20 kton of high purity liquid scintillator, read-out by a dual system: the
17612 20-inch large LPMT system (LPMT), and the 25600 3-inch small PMTs (SPMT).
The experiment is also endowed with a Water Cherenkonv Veto and a Top Tracker, made
by scintillator strips, to control the background due to cosmic rays. A reference detector,
TAO (Taishan Antineutrino Observatory), at a short baseline from one of the reactor
cores, will be built, also based on the liquid scintillator technology but with the light
read-out by SiPM (Silicon Photomultipliers), in order to improve the energy resolution.
The large mass of JUNO, together with the performances of its detectors, will allow to
precisely measure at sub-percent level several oscillation parameters ($θ$12, $∆m_{21}^2$, $∆m_{31}^2$).
JUNO will be also an excellent observatory for solar, atmospheric, SuperNova and geoneutrinos. Other beyond-the-Standard-Model searches, such as the proton decay, will also
be at reach.
In this paper the experiment design will be described and the installation status reported.
The physics reach of the experiment will also be presented.