Search for neutrinoless double beta decay with the NEXT experiment
B. Palmeiro Pazos*
on behalf of the NEXT Collaboration*: corresponding author
Pre-published on:
December 17, 2024
Published on:
April 29, 2025
Abstract
The NEXT collaboration seeks to discover the neutrinoless double beta decay of 136Xe using a high-pressure gas time projection chamber with electroluminescence gain and optical readout. An initial medium-scale prototype, NEXT-White, with 5 kg of xenon, was operational at the Laboratorio Subterraneo de Canfranc (LSC) from 2016 to 2021. This prototype has proven the outstanding performance of the NEXT technology in terms of energy resolution (<1 % FWHM at 2.6 MeV) and precise event topology reconstruction, crucial for distinguishing signal from background events. The current stage, NEXT-100, was successfully constructed and assembled in 2023. Holding around 80 kg of xenon at 15 bar, it is planned to start data taking in the very near future. In addition to further proving the technology's scalability, this detector will perform NEXT’s first sensitive neutrinoless double beta decay search in 136Xe. Finally, building on the program's success, the collaboration is devoting significant efforts towards a phased tonne-scale detector. As a first stage, NEXT-HD, with 1 tonne of enriched xenon, would reach a sensitivity to the half-life of the process better than $10^{27}$ y within 5 years of operation. As a second phase, the implementation of an innovative technique of barium tagging would drastically reduce backgrounds and enhance sensitivity beyond the inverted mass ordering allowed region. In this manuscript, we will discuss the latest results of the experiment brought by NEXT-White, the status of NEXT-100, and prospects for future tonne-scale detectors.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.476.0136
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