We use the parametric approach to analyze jet suppression measured using the nuclear modification factor of inclusive jets, $b$-jets, and jets from $\gamma$-jet events. With minimum model assumptions, we quantify the magnitude of the average energy loss and its transverse momentum dependence. Then, we quantify the impact of fluctuations in the energy loss and nuclear PDFs on the measured jet suppression. Employing the Glauber model to infer the information about the collision geometry, we quantify the path-length dependence of the average energy loss. Using the obtained parameterizations, we evaluate jet $v_2$, obtaining results consistent with measurements. We also provide model-independent predictions for the magnitude of energy loss expected in upcoming oxygen-oxygen collisions. Finally, we analyze intriguing features seen in the suppression of jets in the $\gamma$-jet system.