Each sensor node in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) can gather and monitor data in real time with a cooperative mode, and then routes data to the base station in the way of wireless communication after sensing and processing multi-source information. However, owing to the limitation of computing power, energy consumption and their own security condition, sensor nodes often face problems such as the transmission data redundancy, long routing path, failure nodes and malicious node identification and other security issues. According to the characteristics of the Wireless Sensor Network, a lightweight security trust framework was proposed to reduce the communication and calculation workload. The lightweight framework of the Wireless Sensor Network with a mobile Sink node mainly consists of three levels: the routing model of mobile Sink, data redundancy detection model and bidirectional authentication model. In the first place, we present an optimizing node routing mechanism based on the Firefly algorithm. The next, we introduce Simhash method to improve data gathering efficiency.
Finally, authentication node trust management mechanism makes the WSN have a low communication risk. This lightweight security model can ensure the Wireless Sensor Network working in high speed and safe operation from a new perspective.