After the long interruption of the Mondello Workshops series due to the Covid-19 Pandemic, we are finally able to restart this historic series in complete safety.
This is the fourth edition of the series of Mondello Workshops on "Frontier Research in Astrophysics" which is undoubtedly a largely accepted biennial meeting during even years in which an updated experimental and theoretical panorama will be depicted.
After the excellent results obtained during the 2014, 2016 and 2018 editions we have had the confirmation that the biennial cadence of the Mondello Workshop is the most appropriate.
These meetings are alternated during odd-numbered years by the older series of the workshops dedicated to the Frascati Workshops “Multifrequency Behaviour of High-Energy Cosmic Sources”, and to the Palermo Workshops “The Golden Age of Cataclysmic Variables and Related Objects”, which have reached the XIV and VI editions respectively.
This Mondello Workshop 2024 edition comes at the 40h anniversary of the first historical "multifrequency" workshop about "Multifrequency Behaviour of Galactic Accreting Sources", held in Vulcano (Archipelago of the Eolian Islands) in September 1984. This surely renders our Workshop Series the oldest among the many devoted to "Multifrequency Studies of Cosmic Sources".
The purpose of this international workshop is to bring together astrophysicists and physicists who are involved in various topics at the forefront of modern astrophysics and particle physics, considering also the recent detection of gravitational waves from the merging of collapsed objects.
The workshop will discuss the most recent experimental and theoretical results in order to advance our understanding of the physics governing our Universe. To accomplish the goals of the workshop, we believe it is necessary to use data from ground-based and space-based experiments and results from theoretical developments: work on the forefront of science which has resulted (or promises to result in) high-impact scientific papers. Hence, the main purpose of the workshop is to discuss in a unique and collaborative setting a broad range of topics in modern astrophysics, from the Big Bang to Planets and Exoplanets. We believe that this can provide a suitable framework for each participant who (while obviously not involved in all the topics discussed) will be able to acquire a general view of the main experimental and theoretical results currently obtained.
Such an up-to-date view of the current research on cosmic sources can help guide future research projects by the participants, and will encourage collaborative efforts across various topical areas of research. The proceedings will be published in Proceedings of Science (PoS)- SISSA and will provide a powerful resource for all the scientific community and will be especially helpful for PhD students.
The following items will be reviewed:
• Cosmology: Cosmic Background Dark Matter, Dark Energy, Clusters of Galaxies.
• Physics of the Diffuse Cosmic Sources.
• Physics of Cosmic Rays.
• Physics of Discrete Cosmic Sources.
• Extragalactic Sources: Active Galaxies, Normal Galaxies, Gamma-Ray Bursts.
• Galactic Sources: Star Formation, Pre-Main-Sequence and Main-Sequence Stars, the Sun, Cataclysmic Variables and Novae, Supernovae and SNRs,
X-Ray Binary Systems, Pulsars, Black Holes, Gamma-Ray Sources, Nucleosynthesis, Asteroseismology.
• Planetology: Solar System, Sun-like Stars, Exoplanets.
• Science from large area multiwavelength surveys and deep-exposure pointings.
• Future Physics and Astrophysics: Ongoing and Planned Ground- and Space-based Experiments.
The workshop will include a few 30-minute general review talks to introduce the current problems, and 20-minute talks to discuss new experimental and theoretical results. A series of 15-minute talks will discuss the ongoing and planned ground- based and space-based experiments.
There will also be some general talks about the future directions of scientific research on cosmic sources for giving the actual prospects for the first decades of this millennium.
The papers will pass a peer-review process and the workshop proceedings will be edited by Franco Giovannelli.
The location of the workshop is the Splendid Hotel La Torre, located in Mondello beach in Palermo, Italy, a venue that will provide a friendly and collaborative atmosphere.
Participation is by invitation only.

| Opening Remarks |
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A Quick Journey in the Universe in the Multimessenger Era
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Astrochemistry: a powerful tool to understand the origin of complexity in the Universe
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Electromagnetohydrodynamics and wave transformation
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The impact of archival research with ESA Space Science missions
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Global MASTER-Net Highlights.
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SNAD: enabling discovery in the era of big data
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The tension on the Hubble constant tension with the new statistical assumptions
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What choice of particle mass values for dark matter candidates?
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Comparison of GAIA BP/RP spectra with LDS (Low Dispersion Spectroscopy) photographic sky surveys
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The Machine learning to reconstruct GRB lightcurves
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| Gravitational waves |
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Gravitational Wave Astronomy - A Review
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The third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3)
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Unlocking cosmic origins: LiteBIRD's quest for inflationary gravitational waves
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| Cosmology |
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Seeding of cosmic structures, early universe, and galactic antimatter
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Type Ia Supernovae as Tool for Determining Cosmological Parameters
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Studying the Cosmic Web with the Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect
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| Star Formation and Evolution |
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Accretion processes on young forming Stars
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A infrared study of high mass star-forming regions
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| High Energy Astrophysics |
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Intermediate Mass Black Holes - A Review
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The role of stellar winds in the formation of massive stellar black holes
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Cosmic Ray Leptons Escaping from CTA 1?
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Towards a new generation of reflection models for precision measurements of accreting black holes
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Spins of black holes in X-ray binaries
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The highest energy cosmic rays from superheavy dark matter particles
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A review on research highlights of CVs and AWDs in the recent years
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The intriguing outcomes of double degenerate mergers
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White Dwarf Photospheric Abundances in CVs
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Magnetic CVs - An Updated Review
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Gravitational Redshift Detection from the Magnetic White Dwarf Harbored in RX J1712.6-2414
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Ultraluminous X-ray Sources - A Review
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Understanding Neutron Star Physics through 3D Magneto-Thermal Simulations
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James Webb Space telescope detection of asymptotic giant branch stars’ spectral features in high-redshift galaxies: Impact on stellar and galaxy evolution
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Radii and masses of neutron stars from observational data
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Sub-GeV gamma-ray imaging of the Vela pulsar with balloon-borne emulsion telescope in GRAINE 2018 experiment
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Hitomi HXT deconvolution imaging of the Crab Nebula
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Multiwavelength view of 2024 periastron passage of PSR B1259-63 gamma-ray binary
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Very high energy gamma-ray emission from accreting neutron stars in X-ray binaries
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The contribution of NuSTAR and Swift observations on the knowledge of supergiant fast X-ray transients
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SN 2023ixf: the multi-messenger observations
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Rapid developments in Intensity Interferometry with focus on dual use of Cherenkov telescopes (MAGIC,CTA) and future outlook
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Tidal Disruption Events
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Insights into the changing-state AGN phenomenon from the variability of Mrk 1018
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Advances in studies of Coronal Mass Ejections, with focus on recent Solar Orbiter observations
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| HE-Astrophysics (IXPE) |
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The history of HE experiments $-$ from UHURU to IXPE $-$ (A personal view)
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Highlights from the first 30 months of the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE)
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X-ray polarization in low mass X-ray binaries with neutron stars
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Neutron stars in X-ray binaries as observed by IXPE
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Sco X-1 as seen by IXPE
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X-ray polarization from magnetars
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IXPE Observations of Stellar-Mass Black Holes in the Thermal, Steep Power Law, and Hard States
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X-ray polarimetry view of stellar-mass accretion black holes
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X-ray polarization from relativistic jets – the blazar 1ES 1959+650 seen by IXPE
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IXPE - X-ray Polarimetry of Extended Sources: Supernova Remnants, Pulsar Wind Nebulae, the Galactic center. . . and more!
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Analytical models of the polarized emission from the accreting neutron stars
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| Jet Sources & GRBs |
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An updated review on GRBs
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Astrophysical Jets from stars to galaxies – A Review
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Astrophysical jets and GRBs: some case studies
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| Exoplanets & Habitability |
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Nonthermal processes in planetary and exoplanetary atmospheres
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The effects of high energy radiation on exoplanets, from atmosphere evaporation to habitability
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Searching for biosignatures on exoplanets – possible input of Spektr-UF (WSO-UV)
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| Special Night Session |
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Constraints on life in the Milky Way
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| Ongoing Experiments |
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Addressing Selected Gamma-Ray Burst Science Topics with Future Space Instruments
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The SVOM Mission
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Novel X-ray imaging instrumentation for Astrophysics
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Enabling technologies for X-ray transients monitoring from Moon- and satellite-based observatories
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GRAINE project: high-angular resolution, polarimetry observation of sub-GeV/GeV gamma rays with balloon-borne emulsion telescopes
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The HERMES Pathfinder payload: from design to the first light
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Rocket Experiment Demonstration of a Soft X-ray Polarimeter (REDSoX)
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The Soft-X and gamma-ray Wide-field Polarimeter
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Hard X-ray spectro-polarimetry through Laue lenses
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The GRINTA hard X-ray mission: an Explorer of the Transient Sky
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Technological development of the XGIS instrument onboard THESEUS mission
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Searching for electromagnetic counterparts of GW events in the INTEGRAL real time telemetry
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| Concluding Remarks |
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Frontier Research in Astrophysics 2024 Concluding Remarks I
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Concluding Remarks - II
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Concluding Remarks - III
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Frontier Research in Astrophysics - IV Concluding Remarks IV
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| Concluding Address |
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Frontier Research in Astrophysics - IV - Concluding Address
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